St Leonards
St Leonards SSL PS NO512166 1
hospitali Sancti Andree 1140 David I Chrs. no. 89 [David grants Kenly ‘to the hospital of St Andrews(s)’]
pecora hospitalis de Sancto Andrea 1153 x 1159 RRS i no. 124 [= St A. Lib. 194-5; Malcolm IV grants that the beasts of the hospital of St Andrew(s) may share common pasture with those of the men of Fife]
fratribus hospitalis Sancti Andree 1153 x 1162 RRS i no. 170 [= St A. Lib. 196; Malcolm IV grants to the brethren of the hospital of St Andrew(s) his peace, and orders anyone owing them a debt to repay it as soon as possible; the king’s thanks and divine reward to anyone who makes a gift for love of God and for the support of poor pilgrims, etc.]
hospitali Sancti Andree 1153 x 1165 RRS i no. 138 [one carucate of land in Kedlock LOG, q.v. PNF 4]
hospital<e> Sancti Andree 1209 x 1210 RRS ii no. 490 [= St A. Lib. 228–9; William I grants for the support of pilgrims one silver merk yearly from the ferme of his burgh of Crail, in exchange for the merk it used to receive from Auchtermuchty AMY]
hospitale Sancti Leonardi 1240 x 1240 x 1250 Barrow 1971 no. 13 [=St A. Lib. 281]
hospitale Sancti Leonardi 1248 St A. Lib. 103 [Innocent III confirms the hospital to the Priory]
ecclesia parochial<is> Sancti Leonardi 1413 St A. Lib. 15 [a tribunal sitting in the in the parish kirk of St Leonards in the city of St Andrews (infra civitatem Sancti Andree)]
hospitale S. Leonardi 1471 RMS ii no. 1039 [with the lands of Kenly SSL, the teinds and annual rents within the city of St Andrews, with other things belonging to it (cum terris de Kinnochy, decimis et annuis redditibus infra civitatem S. Andree, cum aliis ejus pertinen<tibus>)]
Sc sanct + pn Leonard
The two specifics Sancti Andree and Sancti Leonardi in the earliest references to the hospital could be seen as having different functions: Sancti Andree probably, and de Sancto Andrea almost certainly, function as place-names, and would be translated as ‘of St Andrews’; while Sancti Leonardi is a saint’s name, with dedicatory force applied to the hospital, and would be translated ‘of St Leonard’.
In the mid twelfth century this hospital had room for only six pilgrims. For details of its provision and administration at this time, see the Augustinian Account (AA), reproduced in full in Appendix 1, below; see also Anderson 1974, 5.
The cult of St Leonard, who was particularly connected with lepers and prisoners, was probably introduced into England by the Normans in the eleventh century, and thence into Scotland (Herkless and Hannay 1905, 6). There were about a dozen hospitals dedicated to him throughout Scotland, one certainly in Dunfermline (see Hospital DFL, vol. 1), and one possibly in KGH (ibid. 6–7). The first mention of a dedication to St Leonard in Scotland is the church of St Leonard in Perth c.1150 × 1159 (Dunf. Reg. no. 90).
For the development of St Leonards as a parish, see SSL Introduction, St Leonards. For more details of the history of St Leonard’s hospital, St Andrews, and its later development as a college, see Herkless and Hannay 1905.
/sentˈlɛnərdz/ or /senˈlɛnərdz/
This place-name appeared in printed volume 3